What is calculous prostatitis: why it develops, how to determine methods of treatment

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment. It is therefore important to know how it occurs and what symptoms are accompanied. In this article you will learn about all the features of the disease. As well as methods of diagnosis and treatment.

Calculous prostatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in which conglomerates with a dense structure are formed. In other words, these are stones located in the prostate. They consist of elements that enter a man's body. They occur in the secretion of the prostate gland against the background of the chronic course of prostatitis, pathological disorders.

Causes

Calculous prostatitis can be caused by the following:

1. Genitourinary tract infection. These can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, etc. In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms there is a blockage in the ducts of the prostate gland, against which the secretion acquires a thick and viscous structure. In this way, the bacteria create a favorable environment for the formation of stones, and prostatolites contribute to an increase in inflammatory processes, which leads to congestion in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons - the presence of adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of harmful foods, alcohol abuse, smoking. But most often the reason lies in the lack of regular sexual activity, because in this case the glands can not normally empty the stones and therefore stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostate reflux. In this disease, the fluid from the urine during urination in small doses is thrown into the prostate. With the accumulation of urine, crystallized salts are released, which over time increase and thicken, turning into stones. Urethro-prostate reflux develops due to injuries of the urethra, atony of the prostate, resection of the prostate gland and others.
4. Impaired blood circulation in the pelvic organs also leads to stagnation.
5. Often hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to observe personal hygiene causes an infection that leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Adult age. This is due to the fact that a kind of plaque of phosphoric acid and lime forms on the thickened epithelial and amyloid bodies.

The stone formations are yellowish and spherical. The minimum size of prostatolites is 0, 25 cm, the maximum is 0, 4. They are formed singly or in groups, they are mainly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate or urate stones.

Symptoms

The following signs indicate the presence of prostatolites in the prostate:

• dull and painful pain in the perineum, groin, coccyx, scrotum;
• increased pain syndrome after physical activity, defecation, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• acute pain when urinating;
• intermittent jet;
• frequent urges to hold urine;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of potency;
• fever;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psycho-emotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis

• Primary or catarrhal.In its primary form, stones form in the acini of the prostate or ducts. The symptoms of catarrhal type are mild, the symptoms resemble catarrhal pathologies. If you consult a urologist in a timely manner and start adequate treatment, you can get rid of the disease in a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatolites enter the organs of the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis. Follicular appearance may develop after untreated catarrhal type. The manifestations are acute, with fever and suppuration, the duration of therapy is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.The tertiary form affects the parenchyma of the prostate gland, which is why it is called parenchymal (diffuse). This is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute. A purulent exudate forms on the inflamed area. The treatment process is long, tolerable.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis

What complicates untreated calculous prostatitis:

• abscesses in the prostate against the background of the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and the further development of sepsis, which is fatal;
• prostate atrophy and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by vasodilation in the spermatic cord, which leads to impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To prevent such consequences, it is necessary, when the first signs are found, to go to the clinic and undergo a thorough examination.

How to alleviate an attack at home?

It is perfectly understandable for any sane person to call an ambulance during an attack. But before it arrives, you can take the usual painkillers. If your home medicine cabinet contains propolis-based rectal suppositories, perform the appropriate procedure. Relieve pain and laxative tablets.

Which doctor treats?

The urologist (or andrologist) treats prostatitis of any form. Other highly specialized doctors - a nephrologist, a specialist in infectious diseases and others, depending on the cause of stone formation - are also involved in the process of diagnosis and choice of treatment tactics.

Diagnosis

At the first visit to the urology office, the doctor performs palpation and visual examination, after which he collects the anamnesis. The way of life, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the manifested signs must be taken into account. In addition, the following diagnostics are performed:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• sperm collection (sperm with calculous type of prostatitis are characterized by an increased number of epithelial tissues and amyloid bodies);
• the spermogram allows you to examine the degree of motility and the number of sperm;
• X-ray of the prostate;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate;
• computer or magnetic resonance imaging.

Blood sampling for PSA is mandatory, which makes it possible to identify a specific prostate antigen (a type of tumor marker of the prostate gland).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis

The duration of therapy and the choice of therapeutic measures depends on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the form, cause of development and the presence of complications.

Medication treatment

1. Fluoroquinolone group for the destruction of pathogenic microbes, which are the most common cause of prostatitis. These are antibiotics that can easily deal with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline group antibiotics. However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, which is why they are prescribed less frequently than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are administered intramuscularly.
5. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain syndrome, eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient should take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

Surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels. For this, a high-frequency electric current and a resectoscope are used, which is inserted through the lumen of the urethra. The operation is painless, but there is a possibility that the particles of prostatolite remain.
2. Transurethral surgery with ultrasound guidance. Unlike the previous method. Thanks to the increased ultrasound follow-up, all calculations are removed.
3. Tape prostatectomy (stones are removed by dissection) and endoscopic (using an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate). Along with stones in a neglected form, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser that crushes the stones, after which they are released naturally. An endoscope is used for this.

Physiotherapy

• ultrasound exposure reduces the level of inflammation, eliminates pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate, relieves discomfort;
• magnetic therapy restores blood circulation, neutralizes puffiness.

Massage normalizes the patency of the ducts, speeds up the blood supply, which is considered effective in prostatitis, but in the calculous form is strictly prohibited. The reason is that prostatolites can move through the body.

If you do not have the opportunity to attend physiotherapy procedures, you can do them at home with the help of special devices. But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only in remission - when prostatitis is in the acute stage, the use of devices is prohibited.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis is obliged to adhere to a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist on an individual level, based on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of the diet is the rejection of alcoholic and carbonated beverages, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods. It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meat and fish, mushrooms. Horseradish, radishes, radishes, garlic, cabbage, beans and onions will need to be excluded from vegetables. And other products leading to the formation of gas.

Physiotherapy

It is always used for prostatitis, but with a calculated form, the exercises should be light to prevent the movement of stones. Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum. To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand up next to a chair and rest your hands on your back. Take one leg to the side, lifting it as high as possible. Lower the limb. The same actions are performed with the other leg. The number of approaches is 8-10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean back. Lift your legs successively to your stomach, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, sit down and fix the position for a few seconds. Get up. While doing the exercise, try to make springy movements in a squatting position. Repeat no more than 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat 25-30 pumpkin seeds daily, raw and always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction. You will need equal proportions of a naked cooler and a black letter. Take 1 tbsp herbs, pour 0, 5 liters of "cool" boiling water, leave to simmer. Take 3 times a day, 100 mg half an hour before meals.
3. Boil the root of brown rose hips according to the recipe on the pharmacy package. Drink as a tea drink three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tablespoons into a glass of boiling water. l. parsley seeds and simmer 10-15 minutes on low heat. Insist time. Drink up to 6 times a day on a tablespoon.
5. Drink 600-1000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful - carrot, beet, cucumber.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, conservative therapy is initially used, the result of which is usually favorable. In neglected forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used. In this case, the prognosis is also favorable. But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period to prevent infections and other complications.

Prevention measures

To prevent the development of calculous prostatitis and prevent recurrence, follow simple rules:

• elimination of bad habits;
• seek medical help in a timely manner for any pathological disorders;
• strictly follow the instructions of the urologist;
• do not overcool;
• use condoms to avoid infection;
• lead an active sex life with one partner.